Can Worms Cause a Cat's Third Eyelid to Show?
The appearance of the
third eyelid in cats, medically known as the
nictitating membrane, is a common concern among pet owners. This semi-transparent membrane typically remains hidden in healthy cats, only becoming noticeable when a cat is extremely relaxed, drowsy, or unwell. While several medical issues can cause the third eyelid to protrude, one lesser-known cause is parasitic infection, particularly involving worms.
Understanding the Third Eyelid
Cats possess a third eyelid located in the corner of the eye nearest the nose. Its primary function is to protect the eye and help keep it moist. Normally, this membrane is tucked away and not readily visible.
When the third eyelid becomes abnormally prominent, it typically signals underlying health issues. These may include:
- Eye injuries or trauma
- Neurological disorders
- Systemic diseases such as infections or inflammatory conditions
- Digestive disorders or parasitic infections
How Worms Trigger Third Eyelid Protrusion
One condition that directly links intestinal parasites to third eyelid problems is called
Haws syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by the simultaneous protrusion of the third eyelid in both eyes, often without other apparent eye disease.
Haws syndrome frequently occurs in cats suffering from gastrointestinal disturbances, particularly from intestinal parasitic infections. Here's how:
- Parasitic stress: The immune system and nervous system are affected when cats are burdened by parasites like roundworms or tapeworms.
- Gastrointestinal irritation: Infection can lead to inflammation or irritation in the intestines, stimulating the autonomic nervous system, which may prompt third eyelid prolapse.
- Toxic byproducts: Metabolic waste from worms may affect the nerves controlling the third eyelid.
Clinical Signs and Diagnosis
Besides a visible third eyelid, cats with parasitic infections may show:
- Changes in appetite
- Weight loss
- Diarrhea or soft stools
- Vomiting
- Lethargy
- Abdominal bloating
Veterinarians diagnose Haws syndrome and related parasitic causes through a combination of:
- Physical examination
- Fecal testing to identify parasitic eggs or larvae
- Blood work to detect systemic effects
- Neurological and ocular exams
Treatment Options
Once a parasitic infection is confirmed, treatment typically involves:
- Deworming medications: Tailored to the type of worm causing the problem
- Supportive care: Including fluids or dietary management for digestive upset
- Monitoring: Regular check-ups to assess improvement and ensure the third eyelid returns to normal
In the case of Haws syndrome, no direct treatment for the third eyelid is usually needed—it typically resolves once the underlying issue, such as intestinal parasites, is addressed.
Other Causes to Rule Out
It's important to understand that not all protrusions of the third eyelid are due to worms. Other potential causes include:
- Corneal ulcers
- Eye infections or conjunctivitis
- Horner's syndrome
- Cherry eye (prolapsed tear gland)
- Vestibular disease
Each of these conditions would require different forms of intervention and diagnosis, reinforcing the need for a veterinary evaluation.
When to See a Veterinarian
If your cat’s third eyelid becomes visible and does not return to its normal position within a few hours—or is accompanied by symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, or behavioral changes—consult your veterinarian. Early intervention leads to a quicker recovery and prevents complications.
Preventive Measures
To avoid parasitic infections and related third eyelid issues:
- Maintain regular deworming schedules
- Use flea prevention, as fleas can transmit certain worms
- Keep your cat’s living area clean
- Monitor for unusual behavior or signs of illness
Conclusion
Yes, worms can indeed cause a cat’s third eyelid to show—most notably through a condition like Haws syndrome. If your cat displays this symptom, it’s critical to seek veterinary guidance to identify and treat the underlying cause. Routine health monitoring and preventative care are the best tools to ensure your feline friend stays happy, healthy, and parasite-free.
