How to Properly Administer Cephalexin to Your Dog
Cephalexin is a commonly prescribed antibiotic for dogs, especially effective against bacterial infections of the skin, urinary tract, ears, bones, and respiratory system. Understanding the correct way to administer cephalexin ensures effective treatment and reduces the risk of side effects or antibiotic resistance.
What Is Cephalexin?
Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that belongs to the beta-lactam group. It works by breaking down bacterial cell walls, causing the bacteria to die. Common brand names include Keflex and Rilexine.
Approved Uses in Dogs
- Skin infections like superficial pyoderma
- Urinary tract infections
- Ear infections (otitis externa or media)
- Bone infections
- Respiratory infections
- Post-operative infection prevention
Forms and Administration
Cephalexin is available in multiple forms:
- Capsules and tablets: Usually have a strong smell; may be hidden in food.
- Chewable tablets: Flavored and easier to administer; Rilexine is FDA-approved for dogs.
- Oral suspensions: Shaken well before use; measure with accuracy.
- Injectables: Only given by veterinarians in clinical settings.
The medication can be given with or without food, though giving it with food may reduce the chances of nausea or vomiting.
Dosage Guidelines
General dosing recommendations for dogs:
- Typically 10–15 mg per pound of body weight every 12 hours
- Some infections may require up to 45 mg/kg every 6–12 hours
- For Rilexine chewables: 22 mg/kg, twice daily
Duration of treatment often ranges from 2 weeks to several months depending on the infection's type and severity. Always complete the full course as prescribed to prevent recurrence or resistance.
How Fast Does It Work?
Cephalexin starts working within 1–2 hours of administration, but visible improvements typically appear after a couple of days. Full recovery varies based on infection severity.
Tips for Administering Cephalexin
- Use cheese, meats, or pill pockets to hide pills.
- Consider flavored chewables for picky eaters.
- Use probiotics 2 hours before or after the dose to manage digestive upset.
- Ensure proper refrigeration for liquid forms; discard after 14 days.
Missed Dose or Overdose
- If you miss a dose, give it as soon as possible.
- If it’s near the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the schedule.
- Never double the dose.
- In case of overdose, contact your veterinarian immediately due to potential kidney damage or blood disorders.
Potential Side Effects
Cephalexin is generally well-tolerated. Common and rare side effects include:
- Vomiting, diarrhea, soft stools
- Decreased appetite
- Increased salivation
- Restlessness or lethargy
- Allergic reactions: hives, rash, swelling, difficulty breathing
- Rare: skin reactions or kidney issues
Report any adverse effects to your vet. For severe reactions, stop the medication and seek emergency care.
Precautions and Risk Factors
- Do not use in dogs allergic to penicillin or cephalosporins
- Caution with dogs having kidney disease, or those pregnant/nursing
- Inform the vet of any drugs or supplements the dog is taking
Drug Interactions
Interactions are uncommon but may occur with:
- Probenecid – increases cephalexin levels
- Warfarin – raises bleeding risk
- Omeprazole or zinc – may affect absorption
Monitoring and Veterinary Follow-up
Your veterinarian may recommend regular check-ups during treatment, especially for dogs with underlying conditions. Watch for improvements and alert your vet if symptoms persist or worsen.
Summary
Cephalexin is a safe and effective antibiotic for many canine bacterial infections. Proper dosing, administration, and monitoring are critical. Always follow veterinary instructions and complete the full course to ensure recovery and prevent resistance.
