What Sets the Bolognese Apart from the Maltese Dog?
The Bolognese and the Maltese are two beloved members of the Bichon family—small, white, affectionate companion dogs that share many similarities but also possess unique traits. Pet owners considering one of these charming breeds often ask: what really distinguishes them?
1. Origins and History
- Bolognese: Originates from Bologna, Italy, dating back to the 11th and 12th centuries. Historically cherished by European aristocrats, including Catherine the Great and Maria Theresa of Austria.
- Maltese: Hails from the central Mediterranean area, likely Malta, with centuries of recognition as a noble lapdog. Known since ancient times in Greek and Roman antiquity.
2. Appearance and Coat
- Bolognese: Features a long, fluffy, cotton-like single coat that is pure white and non-shedding. The texture makes it prone to matting and requires regular grooming. Coat is ideally not clipped, just trimmed around sensitive areas.
- Maltese: Known for its straight, silky, floor-length single coat that is also white. It requires intense grooming and frequent bathing to maintain its smooth shine and prevent tear staining.
3. Size and Build
- Bolognese: Adult males average 10–12 inches (25–30 cm) at the shoulder, with females slightly smaller. Weight ranges from 4–13 pounds. Square-bodied and compact appearance.
- Maltese: Typically stands 7–9 inches tall and weighs around 4–7 pounds. Slender and more delicate in build than the Bolognese.
4. Temperament and Personality
- Bolognese: Generally calm, gentle, and reserved. Forms strong bonds with family and prefers to stay close to its people. Slightly aloof with strangers and can be shy without socialization.
- Maltese: Lively, bold, and energetic with a curious nature. Typically outgoing and friendlier with strangers. Requires stimulation to avoid boredom.
5. Training and Intelligence
- Bolognese: Intelligent and eager to please but can be stubborn. Responds well to positive reinforcement and requires early socialization to prevent fearfulness.
- Maltese: Also intelligent and trainable, though sometimes headstrong. Quick to learn tricks and commands but may bark excessively if not trained appropriately.
6. Grooming Needs
- Bolognese: Requires frequent brushing to prevent matting. Minimal shedding but grooming is essential for health and aesthetics.
- Maltese: Needs daily grooming or frequent professional care. Tear staining is common and must be monitored. Coat may be kept shorter for easier maintenance.
7. Exercise and Living Conditions
- Bolognese: A low-energy breed that thrives with gentle, regular walks and play. Adapts well to apartment life if given attention and companionship.
- Maltese: Though small, it is more active and playful. Benefits from more interactive games and mental stimulation. Also ideal for small living spaces, provided it’s not left alone often.
8. Health and Lifespan
- Bolognese: Generally a healthy breed with a life expectancy of 12–14 years. Prone to issues like patellar luxation, eye disorders, and dental disease.
- Maltese: Lives 12–15 years on average, but may face health challenges like collapsing trachea, dental issues, heart problems, and white dog shaker syndrome.
9. Suitability for Families
- Bolognese: Best for people who can provide constant companionship, such as retirees or people working from home. Good with respectful older children and other pets.
- Maltese: Can adjust to family households with children if properly supervised. Needs attention and tends to bond closely with its main caretaker.
Conclusion
Though both the Bolognese and Maltese are small, loyal, white-coated companions with roots in European nobility, their subtle differences in coat type, temperament, and grooming demands make each breed uniquely suited to different lifestyles.
If you prefer a more mellow, devoted lap companion that needs moderate activity, the Bolognese may be the perfect match. If you’re looking for a spirited, affectionate, and outgoing pet with show-stopping locks, you might adore the Maltese. Either way, both breeds make excellent lifelong friends to those ready to meet their specific needs.
