Should Cats Sniff or Eat Catnip? Understanding Feline Behavior
Catnip, also known as Nepeta cataria, is a fascinating plant that can trigger entertaining and sometimes surprising behaviors in cats. Whether it's rolling, purring, zooming around the house, or suddenly lounging in blissful serenity, these reactions stem from a cat’s interaction with a particular chemical compound found in the plant. But one question pet owners often ask is: Are cats supposed to eat catnip, or should they just sniff it?
What is Catnip?
Catnip is a perennial herb in the mint family, easily recognizable by its leafy green appearance, heart-shaped greyish-green leaves, and small white or lavender flowers. Widely spread across Europe, Asia, and North America, it’s often grown as a garden plant or found in the wild.
The magic lies in nepetalactone, a volatile oil largely concentrated in the leaves, stems, and flowers. This compound interacts with receptors in a cat’s nasal tissue and then stimulates certain areas in the brain responsible for mood and behavior.
Sniffing vs. Eating: Two Types of Reactions
- Sniffing catnip: This typically causes an energizing and euphoric effect. Cats may run, jump, roll around, vocalize, or exhibit playful and even goofy behaviors. This reaction usually lasts about 10 to 15 minutes.
- Eating catnip: When ingested, catnip tends to have a calming or sedative effect. Instead of becoming active, cats may appear more relaxed, mellow, or even slightly drowsy.
Around 30% to 80% of cats respond to catnip, and genetics play a big role in determining sensitivity. Kittens and older cats are often less reactive, with sensitivity typically kicking in around 3 to 6 months of age.
Forms of Catnip Available
Catnip comes in many convenient formats, each offering different engagement levels:
- Fresh leaves
- Dried catnip
- Sprays and bubbles
- Toys and treats mixed with catnip
These forms can be used interactively to encourage play, introduce training tools like scratching posts and carriers, or alleviate stress in situations like vet visits and travel.
Is It Safe for Cats to Eat Catnip?
Yes, catnip is generally safe for cats to eat in moderation. Most cats self-regulate their intake and stop when they've had enough. However, overconsumption may lead to mild gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting or diarrhea. Offering it a couple of times per week helps maintain responsiveness and prevents overstimulation or boredom.
It's recommended to supervise cats during their first few experiences with catnip, especially in multi-cat households, to ensure there are no unusual reactions or aggression triggered by excitement.
Alternatives for Non-Responsive Cats
Not all cats react to catnip. For those who don’t, you can try alternative plants such as:
- Silvervine – often more potent than catnip
- Valerian root – can offer similar stimulating effects
Storage and Maintenance
To keep catnip potent and effective, follow these storage tips:
- Store dried catnip in an airtight container
- Keep it in the freezer to prolong freshness
- Refresh catnip-filled toys regularly to maintain interest
Summary
In conclusion, cats can both sniff and eat catnip with different outcomes. Sniffing enhances playful energy, while eating encourages relaxation. Offering catnip in moderation and observing your cat’s reaction ensures it remains a safe and enjoyable enrichment tool. If a cat becomes overly aggressive or disturbed, simply remove the catnip and allow time to reset sensitivity.
Whether you choose dried flakes, a fresh sprig, or a toy infused with nepetalactone, catnip continues to be a fun and beneficial way to connect with your feline friend.
