How to Stop Excessive Licking in Dogs
Dogs use licking for grooming, affection, and communication—it's a normal part of their behavior. But when licking becomes excessive, it can signal deeper problems that need your attention. Let's explore why dogs lick too much and what you can do to help them stop.
Understanding Normal vs. Excessive Licking
Most dogs lick themselves to keep clean, especially between the toes, on their bellies, and around joints. They also lick people or other pets as a sign of affection or to bond. However, when your dog licks so much that they develop hair loss, red or inflamed skin, bald patches, or even wounds, it's time to take action.
- If your dog can't sleep or play because they're focused on licking
- If you notice bald spots, redness, or sores forming
- If the licking is accompanied by vocalizing or limping
These are all signs that the behavior has gone beyond normal grooming.
Medical Causes of Excessive Licking
Your first step should always be to rule out medical problems. Common causes include:
- Allergies: Environmental (like pollen), flea saliva, or food allergies can make your dog itch uncontrollably.
- Skin Infections: Yeast or bacteria often target moist areas like between the toes or in the groin.
- Pain: Dogs may lick sore spots from arthritis, injuries, or insect bites to soothe themselves.
- Parasites: Fleas, ticks, and mites can cause relentless itching—even if you don't see them right away.
- Hormonal Imbalances: Issues like low thyroid hormone can lead to skin infections and bald patches.
- Nail Problems: Cracked or infected nails may make dogs focus on their feet.
- Anal Gland/Urogenital Issues: Discomfort from these areas often leads to targeted licking.
If you spot any of these signs—especially open sores, persistent redness, odor, or if your dog's routine is disrupted—see your vet promptly for a diagnosis.
Behavioral Causes of Excessive Licking
If your vet rules out medical issues but the licking continues, the cause may be behavioral. Dogs sometimes lick excessively due to:
- Anxiety or Stress: Licking releases endorphins that help calm nervous dogs during stressful times (think separation anxiety or changes in routine).
- Boredom: Not enough exercise or mental stimulation? Your dog might turn to licking as a pastime.
- Habit/Obsession: Some dogs develop compulsive behaviors like lick granuloma—a raw patch from repeated licking.
- Attention Seeking: Dogs quickly learn that licking gets a reaction from humans—sometimes even negative attention is rewarding!
If the behavior seems tied to stressors (like being left alone) or happens when your dog is bored, enrichment and engagement are crucial parts of the solution.
Treatment: How To Stop Excessive Licking
- Treat Underlying Medical Issues
Your veterinarian may recommend anti-inflammatories, antibiotics for infections, medicated shampoos for skin issues, parasite control products for fleas/ticks/mites, dietary adjustments for food allergies, pain relief for injuries or arthritis—or specialized treatments as needed. Addressing these root causes is essential before tackling behavior modification.
- Tackle Behavioral Causes
- Mental Stimulation & Exercise: Increase daily walks and playtime; use puzzle feeders and interactive toys; rotate toys regularly so they stay interesting.
- Redirection & Distraction: When you catch your dog starting to lick excessively, gently redirect them with a toy or activity they enjoy. Reward them with treats and praise when they choose not to lick.
- Avoid Punishment: Punishing licking usually backfires—it can increase anxiety and make things worse. Stick with positive reinforcement for non-licking behaviors instead.
- Anxiety Relief: For anxious dogs: calming supplements (ask your vet), pheromone sprays/diffusers designed for pets, soothing music during stressful times—or professional help from a trainer or behaviorist if needed.
- Caring for Skin & Nails
- Keep nails trimmed and healthy; check regularly for cracks or infection.
- Bathe with gentle shampoos as recommended by your vet—don't overdo it!
- Deter Self-Trauma When Needed
- Your vet might suggest deterrent sprays (safe but bitter-tasting) or special collars if wounds need protection while healing.
The Importance of Consistency
If you're working on stopping excessive licking at home, consistency matters most. Mixed signals confuse dogs—so make sure everyone in the household follows the same plan. Use clear cues and reward calm behavior generously. Over time (and with patience), most dogs improve once underlying causes are addressed and new habits are reinforced.
