Understanding the Difference Between a Chinese Crested and a Chihuahua
Dog lovers are often intrigued by toy breeds—small in size but big in character. One common misconception is that the Chinese Crested and the Chihuahua are the same or closely related. While they share similar characteristics such as compact size and affectionate temperaments, these are distinct breeds with unique physical features, histories, and care requirements. This guide explores the differences between the Chinese Crested and Chihuahua to help pet lovers and potential dog owners make informed choices.
Breed Overview
Chinese Crested: This fine-boned, elegant breed comes in two varieties—Hairless and Powderpuff. Hairless Cresteds have smooth, soft skin with tufts of hair on the head (crest), feet (socks), and tail (plume). The Powderpuff variety features a long, silky double coat covering the entire body. Both varieties can occur in the same litter.
Chihuahua: The Chihuahua is the smallest dog breed, typically having a short or long smooth coat. It has a rounded apple-shaped head, large expressive eyes, and upright ears. Chihuahuas are known for their bold personality and strong bond with their owners.
Size and Appearance
- Chinese Crested: Height: 11–13 inches; Weight: 8–12 pounds
- Chihuahua: Height: 5–8 inches; Weight: up to 6 pounds
The Chinese Crested is generally taller and slightly heavier with a more delicate frame and exotic appearance due to its coat (or lack thereof). The Chihuahua is more robust despite its size and has a very different facial structure and gait.
Temperament and Behavior
Chinese Crested: Cresteds are affectionate, lively, and playful. They are highly attuned to their owners' emotions and tend to bond closely. Cresteds are sensitive and require gentle handling, especially around children.
Chihuahua: Chihuahuas are known for their bravado and loyalty. They are active, alert, and often protective. Socialization is crucial to curb their suspicion of strangers and other animals.
Origins and History
Chinese Crested: Despite its name, the breed likely originated from African or Mexican hairless dogs. It was minimized in size by the Chinese and utilized on ships to control vermin. Known as the "Chinese Ship Dog," it spread to Europe and gained popularity in the U.S. during the late 19th century. It received full recognition from the American Kennel Club in 1991.
Chihuahua: The Chihuahua hails from Mexico and is thought to be descended from the ancient Techichi dog kept by the Toltecs. It was further popularized in the U.S. in the 20th century, becoming a staple of small breed enthusiasts.
Health and Lifespan
- Chinese Crested: Life Expectancy: 13–18 years; prone to skin conditions, dental issues, and genetic eye problems like progressive retinal atrophy.
- Chihuahua: Life Expectancy: 14–17 years; common health issues include heart problems, dental disease, and patellar luxation.
With regular veterinary care and a healthy lifestyle, both breeds typically enjoy long lives.
Grooming and Maintenance
Chinese Crested: Grooming needs differ between the Hairless and Powderpuff. Hairless dogs require diligent skincare including moisturizing and sun protection, while Powderpuffs need frequent brushing to prevent mats. Both need regular dental and nail care.
Chihuahua: The smooth-coated variety needs minimal grooming, while the long-coated type needs regular brushing. Dental care is especially important in Chihuahuas due to their small mouths and teeth crowding.
Exercise and Training
Both breeds need moderate exercise like short walks and playtime. Mental stimulation is also important. Due to their small size and delicate frames, neither breed benefits from high-impact activities. Training should be consistent but gentle to avoid fear or disengagement.
Diet and Nutrition
Both dogs thrive on high-quality food formulated for small breeds. Portion control is important to prevent obesity. Puppies may need several small meals a day, while adult dogs generally do well with two meals.
Conclusion: Two Unique Breeds
Though often confused due to their size and lapdog status, the Chinese Crested and Chihuahua are unmistakably different. From their physical traits and grooming needs to their origins and personalities, these breeds suit different types of owners and lifestyles. Understanding these differences ensures you choose the right companion for your household and can offer them the best care possible.
