What Does a Reverse Sneeze Sound Like?
Pet owners often encounter strange behaviors in their dogs, but one of the most puzzling is a phenomenon known as reverse sneezing. This unusual respiratory event can appear alarming, yet it's typically harmless and self-resolving. Understanding the sound and nature of reverse sneezing can ease concern and help you determine when veterinary care is necessary.
Recognizing the Sound of a Reverse Sneeze
A reverse sneeze, medically termed "paroxysmal respiration," produces a distinct sound. Unlike regular sneezing where air is forcefully expelled through the nose, reverse sneezing involves a sudden and forceful inhalation through the nose. The result is a loud, rapid, honking or snorting noise that often mimics choking or gagging, leading some pet owners to fear their dog is suffocating.
- It sounds like repeated snorts or a loud gasp.
- The dog may sound as if it’s trying to inhale while its airway is partially blocked.
- Breathing may become labored during the episode, but the dog usually recovers within 30–60 seconds.
What Happens During an Episode?
When a reverse sneeze occurs, the dog typically:
- Stands still and becomes tense.
- Extends its head and neck forward.
- Flares its nostrils and keeps its mouth shut.
- Produces a loud snorting sound while struggling to inhale.
The dog usually returns to normal immediately afterward with no apparent discomfort.
Common Triggers for Reverse Sneezing
Various irritants can set off a reverse sneezing episode by affecting the soft palate or nasopharynx (area behind the nasal cavity and above the mouth). These include:
- Dust and pollen
- Household chemicals, perfumes, and air fresheners
- Excitement or overexertion
- Eating or drinking too quickly
- Pulling on a collar or leash
- Nasal mites, foreign materials like seeds or grass
- Changes in temperature or humidity
Breed Predispositions
Certain dogs are more prone to reverse sneezing due to their anatomy. Small breeds and brachycephalic (flat-faced) dogs—such as Bulldogs, Pugs, Shih Tzus, and French Bulldogs—are at higher risk. They often have:
- Elongated soft palates
- Narrow airways
- Obstructive airway syndromes
These structural traits can increase the likelihood of airway spasms during inhalation, leading to episodic reverse sneezing.
Is Reverse Sneezing Dangerous?
As startling as it may sound, reverse sneezing is rarely harmful. Most episodes are short-lived, painless, and resolve on their own with no medical intervention.
However, if your dog:
- Has frequent or prolonged episodes
- Shows signs of distress or choking
- Develops coughing, nasal discharge, or breathing difficulty
- Faints or collapses
…it is important to consult your veterinarian. These could be signs of a more serious underlying condition.
Helping Your Dog During an Episode
While treatment is generally not necessary, there are things you can do to help your dog during a reverse sneeze:
- Stay calm and gently massage your dog's throat.
- Briefly cover the nostrils to encourage swallowing.
- Blow gently on the dog's face.
- Remove your dog from the environment if irritants are suspected.
Diagnostic Considerations
A veterinarian may conduct an exam and ask for a description or video of the suspected reverse sneeze. Additional tests such as blood work, allergy testing, X-rays, or rhinoscopy might be done to exclude conditions like:
- Nasal tumors or polyps
- Upper respiratory infections
- Collapsing trachea
- Foreign bodies in the nasal passages
If no specific cause is identified, the condition may be labeled idiopathic (of unknown origin).
Treatment Options
In cases where intervention is warranted, treatment may involve:
- Antihistamines or corticosteroids for allergies
- Antiparasitic medications like ivermectin for nasal mites
- Surgery in severe anatomical obstructions
- Avoidance of known environmental triggers
Reverse Sneezing in Cats
Reverse sneezing is much less common in cats. A cat showing similar snorting or wheezing signs should be evaluated for other conditions such as feline asthma, which requires medical treatment.
Conclusion
Reverse sneezing sounds frightening but is nearly always harmless and temporary. Knowing what it sounds like and how to respond can provide reassurance and keep your pet safe. If you're worried that the episode might point to another issue, always consult your veterinarian and, if possible, provide a video of the behavior to aid in diagnosis.
