How Often Do Cats Need FVRCP Shots?
The FVRCP vaccine is a critical component of feline healthcare. Designed to protect against three highly contagious and potentially deadly viruses—Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FHV-1), Feline Calicivirus (FCV), and Feline Panleukopenia (FPL)—this combination vaccine is considered a core vaccination for all cats, regardless of whether they live indoors or outdoors.
Why is the FVRCP Vaccine Necessary?
- Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FHV-1): This virus is responsible for 80-90% of feline upper respiratory infections. Symptoms include sneezing, fever, and nasal/ocular discharge. While milder in healthy adults, it can be severe or fatal in kittens, elderly, or immunocompromised cats.
- Feline Calicivirus (FCV): Causes upper respiratory issues and painful oral ulcers. Multiple strains exist and can cause additional complications like joint pain or pneumonia.
- Feline Panleukopenia (FPL): Often referred to as feline distemper, it attacks rapidly dividing cells, especially in the digestive system and bone marrow. Highly contagious and life-threatening, especially in kittens.
FVRCP Vaccination Schedule
The American Association of Feline Practitioners (AAFP) and veterinary experts recommend the following FVRCP immunization schedule:
- Kittens: Start vaccinations at 6–8 weeks old.
- Boosters: Administer every 3–4 weeks until the kitten reaches 16–20 weeks old.
- 1-Year Booster: One year after the last kitten shot, a booster dose is needed.
- Every 3 Years: Following the 1-year booster, cats should receive the FVRCP vaccine every three years during their adult life.
Adult cats with an unknown vaccination history may need to restart the full kitten series to ensure full protection.
Do Indoor Cats Need the FVRCP Vaccine?
Yes. Even indoor-only cats are at risk of exposure. Viral agents can hitch a ride on clothing, shoes, or other objects brought into the home, making vaccination essential for all felines.
Possible Side Effects of FVRCP Shots
Most cats tolerate the vaccine well. Common, minor side effects include:
- Slight fever
- Short-term lethargy
- Swelling at the injection site
These side effects typically resolve within a day or two. Rare but more serious reactions may include:
- Hives or facial swelling
- Vomiting or diarrhea
- Breathing difficulties
- Persistent or growing lumps at injection sites
If severe symptoms occur, seek veterinary care immediately.
Cost Considerations
The cost of FVRCP vaccinations varies based on the veterinary clinic, geographic location, and possible inclusion in a comprehensive wellness plan. Pet owners are encouraged to consult their vet for accurate pricing and scheduling options.
Final Thoughts
Vaccinating cats according to the recommended schedule helps prevent individual illness and halts the spread of these highly contagious diseases among the feline population. Maintaining routine veterinary visits and adhering to the FVRCP vaccine protocol is a vital step in ensuring your cat enjoys a long, healthy, and happy life.
