Introduction
Understanding what Staffordshire Terriers were bred for provides crucial insight into this powerful and often misunderstood breed. Originally developed in 19th-century England, these dogs emerged from careful breeding between Bulldogs and various terrier breeds, creating a strong, agile, and determined animal. While their initial purpose was tied to blood sports, the breed's journey from fighting dog to beloved family companion reflects a remarkable transformation in both purpose and temperament.
Today's American Staffordshire Terrier stands as a testament to selective breeding and the breed's ability to adapt to changing societal needs. Let's explore their fascinating history, original purpose, and how their breeding goals evolved over time.
Historical Origins and Initial Purpose
American Staffordshire Terriers originated from the crossing of Bulldogs and various English Terriers in the Staffordshire region of England. Breeders aimed to combine the Bulldog's strength and determination with the Terrier's agility and spirit. Initially, these dogs were bred primarily for blood sports such as bull-baiting and bear-baiting.
When these blood sports were outlawed in England in 1835, underground dog fighting unfortunately became more prevalent, and these dogs were often forced into this cruel practice. However, it's important to note that the same traits that made them successful in these unfortunate circumstances - strength, intelligence, and loyalty - would later prove valuable in more noble pursuits.
Evolution in America
When these "bull and terrier" types arrived in America, their breeding purpose began to shift significantly. American breeders developed a larger, more powerful dog while simultaneously focusing on temperament stability. The dogs found new roles as:
- All-purpose farm dogs
- Hunting companions
- Family protectors
- Loyal household pets
This evolution led to the official recognition of the breed by the American Kennel Club in 1936, marking a turning point in their history.
Modern Breeding Focus
Today's American Staffordshire Terriers are bred primarily as companion animals and show dogs. Modern breeders focus on:
- Stable temperament
- Family-friendly characteristics
- Athletic ability
- Physical soundness
- Show ring qualities
Physical and Temperamental Characteristics
The careful breeding selection over generations has produced dogs with distinctive physical and behavioral traits:
- Strong, muscular build
- Broad head with pronounced cheek muscles
- Height of 17-19 inches at shoulder
- Weight between 40-70 pounds
- Intelligence and trainability
- Strong desire to please their owners
- Natural affinity for children
- Loyalty to family
Frequently Asked Questions
What were American Staffordshire Terriers originally bred for?
American Staffordshire Terriers were originally bred for blood sports such as bull-baiting and bear-baiting in 19th-century England. After these activities were banned, some were unfortunately used in dog fighting, though many were bred for more noble purposes.
How did the breeding purpose of American Staffordshire Terriers shift over time?
When the breed came to America, breeding goals shifted toward creating working farm dogs, hunting companions, and family pets. Breeders focused on developing a more stable temperament while maintaining the breed's strength and intelligence.
What traits were breeders selecting for in American Staffordshire Terriers besides fighting ability?
Breeders selected for intelligence, loyalty, strength, agility, and a stable temperament. These traits made them excellent working dogs and family companions.
How is the American Staffordshire Terrier different from the American Pit Bull Terrier and Staffordshire Bull Terrier?
The American Staffordshire Terrier is generally larger than the Staffordshire Bull Terrier and has been bred more specifically for showing and companionship compared to the American Pit Bull Terrier. Each breed has distinct physical standards and breeding histories.
Can American Staffordshire Terriers make good family pets despite their fighting origins?
Yes, with proper training and socialization, American Staffordshire Terriers make excellent family pets. Modern breeding has emphasized stable temperament and family-friendly characteristics, making them loving, loyal, and gentle companions.
Conclusion
While American Staffordshire Terriers were initially bred for purposes we now consider inhumane, the breed has evolved significantly through careful selection and breeding. Today's AmStaffs represent the successful transformation from fighting dogs to beloved family companions, proving that with responsible breeding and training, any breed can overcome its historical origins to become a valued member of modern society.
