How to Tell If Your Dog Needs Their Anal Glands Expressed
Dogs have two small anal glands located on either side of their anus. These glands release a distinct scent that helps dogs mark territory and communicate with others. Normally, these glands empty naturally during defecation. However, sometimes they can become impacted or infected, requiring manual expression. Recognizing the signs early can help prevent discomfort and avoid serious complications.
Recognizable Signs Your Dog Needs Gland Expression
- Scooting: If your dog drags its hindquarters across the floor, it may be attempting to relieve pressure from full anal glands.
- Excessive licking or biting: Constant grooming around the tail or rectal area can indicate irritation and discomfort from unexpressed glands.
- Foul odor: Anal gland secretions have a distinct, fishy smell. A lingering odor may be a sign of an issue.
- Swelling or redness: Inflamed or visible swelling near the anus could suggest that the glands are overfilled or infected.
- Pain when sitting or defecating: If your dog seems reluctant to sit or has difficulty with bowel movements, it might be due to gland discomfort.
Why Anal Glands Become Problematic
There are a number of reasons why some dogs may have recurring issues with their anal glands:
- Soft stools: Regularly soft bowel movements may not apply enough pressure to naturally empty the glands.
- Obesity: Extra weight can interfere with gland secretion and the glands' normal function.
- Breed predisposition: Smaller breeds like Chihuahuas, Pomeranians, and Toy Poodles are more likely to develop gland problems.
- Allergies: Food or environmental allergies can cause inflammation that affects gland function.
How Vets Express Anal Glands
If you suspect gland issues, a professional examination by a veterinarian is recommended. A vet can manually express the glands safely and check for any signs of infection or impaction. They typically use gloves and apply gentle pressure externally or internally to release the fluid. In cases of repeated infections, antibiotics or further treatment may be necessary.
Can You Express Anal Glands at Home?
Some pet owners express their dog's glands at home, but it’s not for everyone. If you choose to do this, make sure you receive proper instruction from a vet or groomer first. Improper technique can cause pain or injury to your dog.
- Wear gloves and use a clean towel or paper towel.
- Have your dog in a comfortable standing position.
- Apply gentle pressure to the area at the 4 and 8 o’clock positions relative to the anus.
- Never force it—if nothing comes out or it causes pain, stop immediately.
Prevention Tips
- High-fiber diet: Adding fiber can help firm up stools which may facilitate natural gland expression.
- Regular check-ups: Routine vet visits can catch any issues early before they become severe.
- Proper grooming: Cleanliness in the hind area supports overall anal health, particularly for long-haired dogs.
- Monitor stool quality: Loose stools often suggest dietary changes may be needed.
When to Seek Veterinary Help
If you notice any of the following, see your vet immediately:
- A bleeding or pus-filled area near the anus
- Visible abscess or ruptured gland
- Persistent pain or reluctance to sit
- Repeated need for expressions despite dietary or lifestyle changes
In some cases, especially if infections are recurrent, your vet may discuss surgical removal of the glands, though it is typically a last resort.
Final Thoughts
Anal gland issues are a common but manageable aspect of canine health. By knowing the warning signs, maintaining a balanced diet, and scheduling regular vet visits, you can keep your dog comfortable and healthy. If ever in doubt, always consult a veterinary professional for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
