How Often Should Dogs' Anal Glands Be Expressed?
Anal gland issues are a common but often overlooked aspect of dog health. These small, sac-like glands located at the 4 and 8 o'clock positions around your dog's anus are responsible for secreting a strong-smelling fluid used for marking territory and communication with other dogs. While in wild animals these glands typically empty themselves naturally, domesticated dogs sometimes require manual expression to avoid discomfort or infection.
Understanding Anal Gland Function
Each time your dog defecates, pressure is applied to the glands, causing them to secrete their fluid naturally. However, certain factors such as low-fiber diet, allergies, and obesity may prevent natural emptying. Accumulated fluid can cause swelling, pain, or abscess, making regular checks important for your dog’s well-being.
When Should You Express Your Dog’s Anal Glands?
The frequency depends on the dog's specific health condition. Here are some general guidelines:
- Every 1 to 2 months – for breeds prone to gland issues such as Chihuahuas, Cocker Spaniels, and Basset Hounds.
- As needed – some dogs never need expression, while others may require a vet visit every few weeks.
- Veterinarian assessment – always consult with your vet if you're uncertain about timing and technique.
Signs Your Dog May Need Gland Expression
- Scooting — dragging the rear across the floor
- Excessive licking or biting of the rear
- A strong fishy odor
- Swelling or redness near the anus
- Discomfort or signs of pain when sitting
Risks of Not Expressing Anal Glands
Neglecting to express your dog’s glands when needed can lead to serious health problems:
- Impaction – the fluid hardens and clogs the gland ducts
- Abscess – infected, pus-filled swelling that may rupture
- Chronic discomfort – ongoing irritation or inflammation
Can You Express Your Dog’s Glands at Home?
With proper training and a calm dog, some owners choose to manually express anal glands at home. However, if done improperly, this can cause injury or unnecessary stress for your pet. Follow these guidelines:
- Wear gloves and use a lubrication like petroleum jelly
- Lift the tail and gently squeeze the glands towards the anus
- Use a tissue or cloth to catch the expressed fluid
- Clean the area thoroughly afterward
If you're uncomfortable with the procedure, it's best to let a veterinarian or groomer handle it.
Preventive Measures and Diet Tips
A high-fiber diet can help regulate bowel movements and naturally express the glands. Consider adding:
- Cooked pumpkin
- Bran or oats
- Commercial high-fiber dog food
Regular exercise also supports healthy gland function by promoting normal weight and bowel health.
When to Consult a Vet
Despite preventive care, some dogs may develop persistent problems requiring medical attention. Contact your vet if:
- Your dog shows repeated signs of discomfort
- There’s blood or pus in the area
- Home expression attempts are painful for your dog
In extreme cases, your vet may recommend surgical removal of the glands.
Conclusion
Not all dogs need regular anal gland expression, but for those that do, identifying the right frequency—typically every 1 to 2 months—is essential. Always monitor your dog's behavior and consult with a professional for proper care. Maintaining a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle can go a long way in preventing gland-related complications.
