How to Know If Your Dog Has Swollen Glands
Swollen glands, or more accurately, enlarged lymph nodes, can be a sign of various underlying health conditions in dogs—from minor infections to serious diseases. Understanding the symptoms and knowing what to look for can help you detect issues early and seek appropriate treatment for your pet.
What Are Lymph Glands in Dogs?
Lymph nodes are part of your dog’s immune system. They contain white blood cells that help fight infection. These nodes are located throughout the body, with major clusters under the jaw, in front of the shoulders, under the arms, in the groin, and behind the knees.
Common Causes of Swollen Glands in Dogs
- Infections - Bacterial or viral infections can cause lymph node enlargement as the immune system responds to the threat.
- Dental issues - Infections in the mouth or teeth can lead to swollen submandibular (under the jaw) nodes.
- Parasitic infestations - Fleas, ticks, and worms may contribute to lymph node swelling.
- Allergic reactions - Occasionally, allergens can trigger immune responses resulting in swollen glands.
- Cancer - Swollen lymph nodes can also be an early sign of lymphoma or other cancers.
How to Identify Swollen Glands in Your Dog
Here are some signs and methods to help determine if your dog has swollen glands:
- Feel for lumps – Gently palpate locations such as under the jaw, behind the knees, and near the shoulders to check for firm, enlarged lumps.
- Observe changes in behavior – Lethargy, appetite loss, or fever can accompany swollen glands.
- Watch for localized pain or reluctance to be touched – Some dogs may react when swollen nodes are handled.
- Check for localized swelling – Some enlarged glands may cause visible swellings, especially under the jaw.
When to Visit the Veterinarian
Although some swelling might be due to minor infections, it’s important to consult your vet if:
- The glands remain swollen for more than a few days
- The swelling is rapidly increasing
- Multiple nodes are affected
- Your dog exhibits other worrying symptoms, like weight loss or persistent vomiting
Veterinary Diagnosis and Treatment
Your vet may perform a physical exam, blood work, or fine needle aspiration to determine the cause of swollen glands. Treatment will depend on the underlying issue, and can include:
- Antibiotics or antifungals for infections
- Antiparasitic medications for infestations
- Anti-inflammatory drugs or allergy medications
- Chemotherapy or other oncological solutions if cancer is diagnosed
Preventing Swollen Glands
- Regular vet checkups – Early detection of illness can keep your dog healthier.
- Good dental hygiene – Keeping teeth clean reduces the risk of oral infections.
- Proper diet and exercise – A strong immune system helps prevent infection-related swelling.
- Vaccinations and parasite control – These can protect against common infectious causes.
Conclusion
While swollen glands in dogs can be caused by a variety of conditions, paying attention to physical signs like lumps and behavioral changes is key. Prompt veterinary care ensures the best treatment and outcome, helping you keep your furry friend healthy and happy.
