What Comes Out When Dog Glands Are Expressed?
Dogs have a pair of small sacs located on either side of their anus known as anal glands or anal sacs. These glands produce a strong-smelling secretion that is normally released during bowel movements. However, when the glands don't drain naturally, they may require manual expression.
The Role of Anal Glands
Anal glands serve a variety of purposes in the canine world:
- Identification: Each dog has a unique scent, and anal gland secretions are a major part of how dogs identify one another.
- Marking Territory: These secretions help dogs mark their territory and communicate with others.
- Health Indicators: Irregularities in gland expression can indicate health issues such as infections, abscesses, or impactions.
What Is Released During Expression?
When a dog's anal glands are expressed, whether naturally or manually, the material released is:
- Color: Usually brown, tan, yellowish, or grayish in color depending on the dog's health.
- Consistency: Thin and oily, although it may become pasty or thick if there's a problem such as impaction.
- Smell: Extremely foul-smelling; often described as fishy or rotten. This strong odor is natural and serves as a scent marker for other dogs.
How Are the Glands Expressed?
Natural Expression: In healthy dogs, the pressure from firm stool during defecation is usually sufficient to empty the glands. This process often goes unnoticed by the owner.
Manual Expression: If the glands don't drain properly, a veterinarian or groomer may manually express them. This involves gently squeezing the sacs to encourage drainage. Pet owners are advised not to do this themselves unless trained, as improper handling can injure the dog.
Common Issues With Anal Glands
Dogs may face several problems related to their anal glands:
- Impaction: Glands fail to empty, leading to discomfort. The secretion becomes thick and starts to build up.
- Infection: Bacteria can infect impacted glands, causing pain, swelling, and redness.
- Abscess: A painful, pus-filled swelling that may burst if not treated promptly.
Signs Your Dog Might Need Help
- Dragging their rear end across the floor (scooting)
- Excessive licking or biting of the anal area
- Swollen or red area around the anus
- Foul odor with no apparent source
- Difficulty or discomfort during defecation
How Veterinarians Handle It
Veterinarians typically express anal glands using gloves and proper technique to reduce discomfort and avoid injury. They'll inspect the secretion's color and texture to ensure there are no signs of infection or other issues. If an infection is present, your vet may prescribe antibiotics or recommend flushing the gland.
Can You Prevent Anal Gland Problems?
While some dogs never have issues, others are more prone due to breed, dietary habits, or anatomy. Consider the following for prevention:
- Diet: Feeding your dog a high-fiber diet can help improve stool consistency, aiding in natural gland expression.
- Regular Exercise: Promotes overall bowel health and function.
- Routine Checkups: Regular vet visits can catch early signs of anal gland problems.
- Weight Management: Obese dogs are more likely to experience blocked anal glands.
Breeds More Prone to Issues
Some breeds are more susceptible to anal gland problems, including:
- Chihuahuas
- Poodles
- Beagles
- Dachshunds
- Bulldogs
Should You Express Your Dog’s Glands at Home?
Unless recommended and demonstrated by a professional, it’s best to leave gland expression to veterinarians or professional groomers. Improper technique may cause injury or exacerbate existing problems.
When to Seek Veterinary Help
If your dog shows persistent signs of discomfort, has bloody or pus-filled secretions, or the area looks swollen, consult your veterinarian immediately. Ignoring anal gland issues can result in pain and infection that requires medical treatment.
Conclusion
Anal glands may be a messy subject, but understanding them is key to your dog's health. When expressed, these glands release a pungent, oily fluid that plays a major role in canine communication and biology. Monitoring your dog’s behavior and ensuring proper preventive care can help minimize problems associated with anal gland expression.
