Which Dogs Should Have Dew Claws Removed?
Dew claws are the small, thumb-like toes located on the inner side of a dog's front—and sometimes back—legs. While they may seem like vestigial irritations to some, they can play functional roles in specific scenarios. However, in some dogs, dew claws can pose health risks and may need to be removed. In this article, we'll explore which dogs benefit from dew claw removal, and under what circumstances it is recommended.
What Are Dew Claws and Why Do They Matter?
Dew claws may look insignificant, but they can serve a purpose. On front legs, they can help dogs grip objects like bones or toys, provide traction when running, and stabilize movement. However, in some dogs, particularly when dew claws are only loosely attached or appear on the hind legs, they become prone to injury or snagging, leading to painful conditions or infections.
When Dew Claw Removal Is Recommended
- Performance Dogs: Dogs involved in agility competitions, herding, or hunting are more likely to get their dew claws caught on branches, tracks, or fencing. For these dogs, removal may prevent torn claws and reduce long-term injury risks.
- Breed Standards: In certain breeds, the removal of dew claws is customary and often required for conformation or showing, especially if the rear dew claws are floppy or misshapen.
- Genetic Abnormalities: Some breeds are born with poorly attached or double dew claws—common in breeds like the Beauceron and Great Pyrenees—leading to problems with mobility or injury, particularly in older dogs.
- Injury Prone Dogs: Active dogs with a prior history of dew claw injuries, tearing, or infections may need surgical dew claw removal as a preventative measure.
Breeds That Often Require or Undergo Dew Claw Removal
While healthcare decisions vary individually, the following breeds are more commonly considered for dew claw removal:
- Great Pyrenees: Rear double dew claws are breed standard but often problematic if loose.
- Beauceron: This breed too has rear double dew claws, and sometimes requires management or removal.
- Labrador Retrievers: Active hunting dogs that may get dew claws caught in underbrush.
- Border Collies: Herding dogs at risk for snagging dew claws on fences or livestock.
- Weimaraners and German Shorthaired Pointers: Sporting breeds often have dew claws removed to prevent injury on the field.
When Dew Claw Removal Is Not Necessary
Not every dog needs dew claw removal. In fact, many veterinarians do not recommend removing dew claws unless there’s a specific reason. Dogs that are primarily pets and do not have a documented injury or genetic issue typically are not at risk. Proper nail trimming and monitoring can prevent the majority of dew claw problems.
Risks and Timing of Dew Claw Removal
- Dew claw removal is a surgical procedure that, when done early (3-5 days after birth), usually presents minimal risk.
- Removing dew claws in adult dogs requires anesthesia and has a longer recovery time, including the risk of infection or post-surgical complications.
- It is crucial to consult with your veterinarian before making a decision. They will assess the claw's attachment, your dog's activity level, and medical history.
Best Practices for Dew Claw Care
If your dog retains its dew claws, here are a few simple steps to keep them healthy:
- Regular Nail Trimming: Dew claws don't touch the ground and thus don’t wear down naturally. Trim them regularly to prevent curling or splitting.
- Inspection: Check frequently for signs of injury, redness, or swelling.
- Protective Covers: For particularly active dogs, protective claw covers can reduce injury risk.
Conclusion
Dew claw removal is a decision that should be made based on your dog’s lifestyle, breed, and health history. While removal may be essential for certain breeds and working dogs, for most pets, maintaining dew claws with regular care is sufficient. Always consult your veterinarian to determine the right approach for your canine companion.
