Understanding Meloxicam Use in Dogs
Meloxicam stands out as a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for dogs. Veterinarians turn to it when they need to address pain, inflammation, or fever—especially in cases of osteoarthritis, acute injuries, and after surgery. Let's explore how meloxicam works, the right way to use it, potential risks, and what dog owners should know.
How Meloxicam Works
This medication targets enzymes called cyclo-oxygenases (COX), focusing mainly on COX-2. These enzymes help produce prostaglandins—chemicals that trigger swelling, pain, and fever. By blocking COX-2 while sparing most COX-1 activity (which protects the stomach lining and supports kidney function), meloxicam aims to relieve discomfort with fewer side effects than some older NSAIDs. Still, higher doses can affect COX-1 too.
Common Uses in Veterinary Medicine
- Osteoarthritis: Reduces joint pain and stiffness so dogs can move more comfortably.
- Acute or Chronic Pain: Helps with discomfort from injuries or ongoing conditions.
- Post-Surgical Pain: Eases recovery by minimizing swelling and soreness after procedures.
The FDA has approved meloxicam for dogs. It's available as oral liquids, chewable tablets, regular tablets (sometimes prescribed off-label for large breeds), oral sprays, and injectable solutions. Veterinary-specific versions allow precise dosing—especially important for small breeds.
Dosing Guidelines
The typical dose is 0.1 mg/kg once daily, sometimes starting with a higher initial dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Only your veterinarian should set the actual amount and schedule based on your dog's weight, age, medical history, and other medications.
- Always give meloxicam with food to reduce stomach upset.
- Shake liquid formulations well before measuring each dose.
- Use only the dosing syringe or dropper supplied by the manufacturer for accuracy.
- If your dog is very small, mix the medication with food instead of dosing directly into the mouth to avoid accidental overdose.
Potential Side Effects
Most dogs handle meloxicam without trouble. Mild reactions can include:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea or soft stool
- Poor appetite
- Mild behavioral changes
More serious side effects may occur but are less common:
- Gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding (watch for black/tarry/bloody stools)
- Lethargy or sudden tiredness
- Pale gums or jaundice (yellowing of gums/skin/eyes)
- Increased thirst or urination
- Poor coordination or seizures (rare)
If you see any concerning symptoms while your dog is taking meloxicam, stop the medication right away and call your veterinarian.
When Not to Use Meloxicam
- Your dog has an allergy to meloxicam or other NSAIDs.
- Your dog is already taking another NSAID (like carprofen) or corticosteroid (such as prednisone).
- Your pet has kidney, liver, or heart disease; digestive tract ulcers; active bleeding; bleeding disorders; is pregnant/lactating; is a puppy under 6 weeks–6 months old; is dehydrated; or has low blood pressure.
Drug Interactions
Certain medications can interact poorly with meloxicam:
- Other NSAIDs/corticosteroids: Higher risk of GI/kidney side effects.
- ACE inhibitors (enalapril/benazepril) & angiotensin receptor blockers (telmisartan): May affect blood pressure control.
- Anticoagulants/antiplatelet agents: Increased risk of bleeding.
- Diuretics: Can stress kidneys further.
If your dog takes any additional medications—even supplements—tell your vet before starting meloxicam.
Monitoring During Long-Term Use
If your dog needs ongoing treatment (like for arthritis), regular blood work and urine tests are essential. These check-ups help catch early signs of kidney/liver problems or other complications before they become serious issues.
Dosing Mistakes & Overdose Risks
- If you miss a dose: Give it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for the next one—then skip it. Never double up doses within 24 hours.
- An overdose can be life-threatening—symptoms include loss of appetite, vomiting/diarrhea (possibly bloody), increased thirst/urination, pale gums, lethargy, poor coordination, seizures. Call your vet immediately if you suspect an overdose!
Safe Storage & Handling Tips
- This prescription drug should only be given to the animal it was prescribed for—and only for its intended purpose.
- Store at room temperature away from light and out of reach of children/pets. Don’t use expired medication!
The Takeaway on Meloxicam for Dogs
If used correctly under veterinary supervision—with careful dosing and regular monitoring—meloxicam offers effective relief from pain and inflammation so many dogs can enjoy better mobility and comfort during illness or recovery periods. Always follow your vet’s instructions closely to keep your pet safe and healthy!
