What is the 80 10 10 rule for dog food?

Understanding the 80/10/10 Rule for Dog Food

The 80/10/10 rule is a fundamental guideline followed by many proponents of the raw feeding movement for dogs. This formula outlines a nutritional ratio aimed at mimicking how a wild carnivore might consume a prey animal in the wild. The structure breaks down as follows:

• 80% Muscle Meat
• 10% Edible Bone
• 10% Organ Meat (with 5% of that being liver)

Why Raw Feeding?

Raw feeding has gained popularity among dog owners who believe in nourishing pets with whole, biologically appropriate foods. Supporters argue that raw diets can improve:

• Coat and skin health
• Dental hygiene
• Energy levels
• Digestive health

Conversely, critics warn of potential issues such as bacterial contamination, unbalanced nutrition, and choking hazards from bones.

Detailed Breakdown of the 80/10/10 Rule

1. 80% Muscle Meat

This refers to the main protein source from skeletal muscle, such as beef chunks, chicken breast or thighs, turkey, lamb, or fish. It may also include tendons and hearts (though hearts are technically organs, they are considered muscle protein in this context).

2. 10% Edible Bone

Raw bones are a natural source of calcium and phosphorus. Examples include chicken necks, wings, or raw lamb ribs. Never feed cooked bones as they can splinter and pose serious health risks.

3. 10% Organ Meat

Organs provide essential vitamins and minerals, including vitamin A, iron, and B-vitamins. This 10% is split into:

• 5% Liver: Rich in vitamins A and D
• 5% Other Organs: Such as kidney, spleen, pancreas, or brain

Feeding Calculations and Considerations

A raw diet should ideally be fed at 2-3% of the dog’s body weight per day. The exact amount depends on age, weight, activity level, and overall health.

• Puppies: Require up to 5–8% of their body weight in food per day due to growth needs
• Senior dogs: Might require reduced calorie intake, but still need balanced nutrition

Monitor your dog’s body condition regularly and adjust portions accordingly. A slow transition to raw can help minimize digestive upset.

Benefits of the 80/10/10 Diet

• Improved digestion and stool consistency
• Healthy skin and shiny coat
• Increased energy and vitality
• Natural dental cleaning from chewing raw bones

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Failing to include liver in the organ portion
• Feeding weight-bearing bones from large animals (too dense and dangerous)
• Over-relying on a single type of protein
• Lack of variety in organ meats

Supplemental Needs

Although the 80/10/10 ratio is a great foundational model, some dogs may require additional nutrients:

• Omega-3 fatty acids (from fish oil or flaxseed)
• Probiotics to support gut health
• Joint supplements for older dogs or breeds prone to arthritis

Consult a Veterinarian

Before starting your dog on a raw food regimen, consult with your veterinarian—preferably one familiar with raw feeding. Regular bloodwork and health assessments can help ensure nutritional adequacy.

Transitioning to a Raw Diet

To move your dog safely to raw, follow these stages:

1. Start with a single protein source (e.g., chicken) for a few weeks
2. Add bone once digestion stabilizes
3. Introduce organs slowly after a couple of weeks
4. Incorporate variety over time by adding different meats and organ types

Final Thoughts

The 80/10/10 dog food rule offers a straightforward framework for balanced raw feeding. While it can deliver significant benefits in terms of health and vitality, successful implementation requires thoughtful planning, proper hygiene, and ongoing monitoring. Always adapt the diet to your pet’s unique needs and life stage, and seek professional guidance when necessary.