Understanding Why Your Dog Smells Like Fish
It's not unusual for dog owners to occasionally notice unpleasant odors from their pets, but a fishy smell is both distinctive and concerning. This unusual scent should never be brushed off as normal. It may indicate an underlying health issue requiring veterinary evaluation.
Common Causes of Fishy Odor in Dogs
- Anal Gland Problems: By far the most common cause of a fishy odor in dogs, especially near the rear. Dogs have two anal sacs that release a smelly, oily fluid for marking territory. When not emptied naturally through defecation, these glands can become clogged, infected, or impacted.
- Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): UTIs, particularly in female dogs, can produce fishy-smelling urine. You may also notice frequent urination, straining, or accidents in the house.
- Skin Infections: Bacterial or yeast infections can make your dog’s skin smell unpleasant or fishy. Sensitive areas like skin folds, ears, and paws are common hotspots.
- Dental and Oral Issues: A fishy scent coming from the mouth could be tied to dental disease or infections such as gingivitis or oral abscesses.
- Diet and Digestion: Certain foods, especially fish-based or rich-protein diets, may sometimes produce a mild fishy scent. However, this is far less frequent than the other causes.
Signs to Watch For
- Excessive scooting or dragging the rear
- Licking or biting near rear or genitals
- Redness, swelling, or lumps around the anus
- Foul breath or mouth swelling
- Skin redness, scabs, or hair loss
- Changes in appetite or behavior
Anal Gland Disease in Detail
Impaction of anal glands is painful and can escalate to infection or abscess. Small breeds, overweight dogs, and those with allergies are particularly at risk. In more serious instances, tumors may obstruct the glands and require immediate treatment.
Other Potential Sources of Odor
- UTIs and Vaginal Infections: In female dogs, the odor may also stem from uterine infections such as pyometra, which is a veterinary emergency.
- Dental Disease: Plaque, tartar, and infected gums can lead to stinky breath that some describe as fishy.
- Skin Conditions: Dogs with allergies often scratch excessively, leading to secondary infections and odor.
What To Do If Your Dog Smells Like Fish
First, note where the smell is strongest—near the mouth, rear, skin, or urine. Watch for any associated symptoms. You should consult a vet if the smell is:
- Persistent or recurring
- Accompanied by signs of discomfort
- Linked to discharge, blood, or swelling
Veterinarians can perform a physical exam, express anal glands if necessary, and do diagnostic tests when needed to determine the exact source of the problem.
Treatment and Prevention
For each potential cause, treatments vary:
- Anal glands: Manual expression, dietary fiber, frequent walks, and weight management. Severe cases may require surgical removal.
- UTIs or infections: Antibiotics or surgery (in pyometra).
- Dental care: Professional cleanings and at-home hygiene like brushing and dental treats.
- Skin issues: Medicated shampoos and topical or systemic treatments.
- Diet adjustments: Working with your vet to ensure a proper, non-irritating diet.
Prevention Tips
- Maintain a healthy, fiber-rich diet
- Ensure regular exercise and ideal body weight
- Keep up with grooming and bathing (including anal gland care)
- Brush teeth regularly and schedule dental checkups
- Clean your dog’s ears and skin folds if needed
- Visit the vet regularly for wellness checks
Final Thoughts
While it can be startling, a fishy smell from your dog typically signals something easily treatable. Most often, the problem lies in impacted anal glands—a common but manageable condition. Prompt attention can alleviate discomfort and prevent complications. Stay observant, maintain a good hygiene regimen, and don’t hesitate to involve your vet when something seems off.
