When your dog develops a persistent cough, determining whether it's kennel cough or a collapsed trachea is crucial for proper treatment. While both conditions can cause similar-sounding coughs, they have distinctly different causes, treatments, and long-term implications for your pet's health.
In this comprehensive guide, we'll explore the key differences between these two common respiratory conditions, helping you understand the symptoms, treatments, and preventive measures for each.
What is Kennel Cough?
Kennel cough, technically known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection. It's primarily caused by the Bordetella bronchiseptica bacterium, often in combination with various viruses.
This condition commonly spreads in places where dogs congregate, such as boarding facilities, dog parks, and grooming salons. The characteristic dry, honking cough typically develops 2-14 days after exposure to an infected dog.
Understanding Collapsed Trachea
A collapsed trachea is a structural condition where the windpipe weakens and flattens, making it difficult for dogs to breathe normally. Unlike kennel cough, this is not an infection but rather a progressive condition that typically affects small breed dogs as they age.
The condition occurs when the cartilage rings supporting the trachea weaken and flatten, leading to airway obstruction and the characteristic honking cough.
Key Differences in Symptoms and Progression
Kennel Cough Symptoms
- Sudden onset of dry, hacking cough
- Possible mild fever
- Nasal discharge
- Generally maintains normal energy levels
- Usually resolves within 2-3 weeks
Collapsed Trachea Symptoms
- Chronic, progressive coughing
- Cough worsens with excitement or pressure
- Exercise intolerance
- Difficulty breathing
- May show signs of distress
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Kennel Cough Treatment
Most cases of kennel cough resolve with rest and supportive care. Treatment typically includes:
- Rest and isolation from other dogs
- Cough suppressants when needed
- Possible antibiotics for bacterial infections
- Humidifier use to ease breathing
Collapsed Trachea Treatment
Treatment for collapsed trachea is typically long-term and may include:
- Weight management
- Medication for cough and inflammation
- Use of harnesses instead of collars
- Possible surgical intervention in severe cases
Prevention and Management
For kennel cough, prevention focuses on vaccination and avoiding exposure to infected dogs. The Bordetella vaccine is recommended for social dogs and often required by boarding facilities.
For collapsed trachea, prevention isn't possible, but management includes:
- Maintaining healthy weight
- Using appropriate harnesses
- Avoiding respiratory irritants
- Regular veterinary check-ups
Frequently Asked Questions
How can I tell the difference between kennel cough and a collapsed trachea in my dog?
Kennel cough typically appears suddenly after exposure to other dogs and produces a dry, hacking cough. A collapsed trachea usually develops gradually, primarily affects small breeds, and the cough worsens with excitement or pressure on the neck.
What are the typical symptoms of kennel cough compared to those of tracheal collapse?
Kennel cough typically causes a dry, honking cough with possible nasal discharge and mild fever. Tracheal collapse symptoms include chronic coughing, exercise intolerance, and breathing difficulties that worsen over time.
Are kennel cough and collapsed trachea contagious to other dogs?
Kennel cough is highly contagious and can spread between dogs. A collapsed trachea is not contagious as it's a structural condition affecting the windpipe.
What treatment options are available for dogs with kennel cough versus collapsed trachea?
Kennel cough usually requires rest, isolation, and sometimes antibiotics. Collapsed trachea treatment involves long-term management with medications, weight control, and possibly surgery in severe cases.
How can I prevent my dog from getting kennel cough or worsening a collapsed trachea?
Prevent kennel cough through vaccination and avoiding contact with infected dogs. For collapsed trachea, use a harness instead of a collar, maintain healthy weight, and avoid respiratory irritants.
