Recognizing when your dog is about to give birth is crucial for ensuring a safe delivery. As an expectant dog owner, understanding the signs that indicate your dog is going into labor soon can help you provide the best care during this critical time. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the key indicators and help you prepare for your dog's upcoming delivery.
Physical Signs of Impending Labor
Temperature Changes
One of the most reliable indicators that your dog is going into labor soon is a significant drop in body temperature. When your dog's temperature falls below 100°F (37.8°C), labor typically begins within 12-24 hours. Regular temperature monitoring during the final week of pregnancy is essential for tracking this crucial sign.
Changes in Mammary Glands
The mammary glands will become noticeably enlarged and may begin producing milk a few days before labor. You might observe the first milk (colostrum) appearing, and the nipples will become firmer and more pronounced.
Physical Discomfort
Your dog may show signs of physical discomfort as labor approaches. This can include visible contractions, a hardened abdomen, and increased licking of the genital area. A clear or slightly bloody discharge often appears when active labor is imminent.
Behavioral Changes Before Labor
Nesting Behavior
Most pregnant dogs will exhibit strong nesting instincts as labor approaches. Your dog may seek out quiet, secluded areas and begin scratching, digging, or rearranging bedding. This behavior typically intensifies in the 24 hours before labor begins.
Changes in Appetite
A noticeable decrease in appetite is common 24-48 hours before labor starts. Some dogs may completely refuse food but should continue drinking water. This behavioral change is normal and shouldn't cause concern unless accompanied by other unusual symptoms.
Restlessness and Anxiety
Your dog might become noticeably restless, showing signs of anxiety through pacing, panting, or whining. Some dogs seek extra attention from their owners, while others prefer solitude. These behavioral changes typically begin 6-24 hours before active labor.
Stages of Labor and What to Expect
Stage One
The first stage of labor typically lasts 6-24 hours and involves cervical dilation and early contractions. During this time, your dog may show increased restlessness, panting, and shivering. This phase is crucial but usually proceeds without complications.
Stage Two and Three
Active labor begins in stage two, with visible pushing and the delivery of puppies. Puppies typically arrive every 20-60 minutes, though gaps of up to two hours can be normal. Stage three involves the delivery of placentas, which should accompany each puppy.
When to Contact Your Veterinarian
While most dogs deliver successfully without intervention, certain signs warrant immediate veterinary attention:
- Strong contractions for over 30 minutes without producing a puppy
- More than two hours between puppies when more are expected
- Green or dark discharge without puppy delivery
- Excessive bleeding or signs of distress
- Labor lasting more than 24 hours after the temperature drop
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the most reliable signs that my dog is about to go into labor soon?
The most reliable signs include a drop in rectal temperature below 100°F, intense nesting behavior, loss of appetite, and visible physical changes such as enlarged mammary glands and vaginal discharge.
How does a drop in rectal temperature signal impending labor in dogs?
A temperature drop below 100°F (37.8°C) typically occurs 12-24 hours before labor begins. This drop is caused by hormonal changes and is one of the most accurate predictors of imminent labor.
What kind of nesting behavior should I expect from my dog before she gives birth?
Expect your dog to seek quiet areas, scratch or dig at bedding, and attempt to create a comfortable space. She may move blankets or bedding and become protective of her chosen whelping area.
When should I be concerned and call a vet during my dog's labor process?
Contact your vet if you observe: strong contractions for over 30 minutes without puppy delivery, more than 2 hours between puppies, green discharge without puppy delivery, excessive bleeding, or signs of extreme distress.
How long does each stage of labor last, and what behaviors indicate progression through these stages?
Stage one typically lasts 6-24 hours, characterized by restlessness and nesting. Stage two (active labor) involves visible pushing and puppy delivery, with puppies arriving every 20-60 minutes. Stage three occurs simultaneously with stage two as placentas are delivered after each puppy.
