What Happens If My Dog Doesn't Get the Bordetella Vaccine?
As pet owners, ensuring our dogs are protected from infectious diseases is paramount. One of the common concerns in canine healthcare is kennel cough, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis. The primary bacterial agent behind this illness is Bordetella bronchiseptica. The Bordetella vaccine helps reduce the risk of infection, but what occurs if a dog isn’t vaccinated?
Understanding Kennel Cough and Its Causes
Kennel cough is a highly contagious respiratory disease in dogs caused by a combination of bacteria and viruses. Bordetella bronchiseptica plays a major role by inflaming the respiratory tract, making dogs vulnerable to secondary infections.
- Transmission: Spread through aerosol droplets, direct contact, and contaminated surfaces like toys and bowls.
- Common environments: Boarding kennels, daycares, grooming salons, parks, and training classes.
Symptoms of Kennel Cough
- A persistent, dry, and honking cough
- Nasal discharge and sneezing
- Lethargy and loss of appetite
- Mild fever in some cases
Though rarely fatal, puppies, elderly dogs, and immunocompromised animals are more prone to complications such as pneumonia.
The Role of the Bordetella Vaccine
The Bordetella vaccine doesn’t guarantee complete immunity but significantly reduces symptom severity and disease spread. It comes in injectable, oral, and intranasal forms. Intranasal and oral versions provide quicker immunity—within 48–72 hours—while injectable versions may take a week.
Risks of Not Vaccinating
Choosing not to vaccinate increases your dog's risk of exposure and illness. Here’s what could happen if your dog doesn't get vaccinated:
- Greater risk of contracting kennel cough, especially when in contact with other dogs
- More severe symptoms, including a prolonged recovery period
- Risk of complications like pneumonia in vulnerable dogs
- Potential spread to other pets in multi-animal households or public spaces
- Denial of entry to kennels, daycares, and grooming facilities that require proof of vaccination
When Vaccination Might Not Be Necessary
Not all dogs require the vaccine. Dogs that live in isolation and don’t interact with other canines may have minimal risk. Still, it’s important to consult with a veterinarian to assess individual lifestyle and exposure risk.
Continued Health Monitoring and Care
If an unvaccinated dog contracts kennel cough:
- Keep the dog isolated from other animals
- Offer rest, hydration, and nutrition
- Use a harness to reduce throat irritation
- Consult your vet for supportive care; antibiotics or cough suppressants may be prescribed for severe cases
Potential Side Effects of the Vaccine
Vaccination reactions are generally mild. They may include:
- Swelling or soreness at the injection site
- Mild fever or lethargy
- Sneezing and nasal discharge (for intranasal versions)
Severe allergic reactions are rare but require immediate medical attention. Signs include facial swelling, hives, and difficulty breathing.
Conclusion
Deciding whether to vaccinate against Bordetella bronchiseptica depends on your dog’s age, health status, and lifestyle. However, opting for the vaccine offers peace of mind, especially for dogs frequently exposed to high-risk environments. Talk to your veterinarian to ensure your dog stays protected and helps prevent the spread within the wider canine community.
